Grade 8 Math (North Carolina SCOS)

The Number System (NS)

• Know that there are numbers that are not rational, and approximate them by rational numbers
• NC.8.NS.1 Understand that every number has a decimal expansion and irrational numbers neither terminate nor repeat.
• NC.8.NS.2 Use rational approximations to compare irrational numbers, place them on a number line, and estimate them.

Expressions and Equations (EE)

• Work with radicals and integer exponents
• NC.8.EE.1 Develop and apply properties of integer exponents to write equivalent expressions.
• NC.8.EE.2 Use square and cube roots to solve x² = p and x³ = p and evaluate roots.
• NC.8.EE.3 Use scientific notation to estimate very large or very small quantities and compare them.
• NC.8.EE.4 Multiply and divide numbers in scientific notation to solve problems.
• Analyze and solve linear equations and inequalities
• NC.8.EE.7 Solve one-variable linear equations and inequalities, recognizing one, infinitely many, or no solutions.
• Analyze and solve pairs of simultaneous linear equations
• NC.8.EE.8 Solve systems of two linear equations in slope-intercept form graphically or by inspection.

Functions (F)

• Define, evaluate, and compare functions
• NC.8.F.1 Understand that a function gives exactly one output for each input and recognize functions in several forms.
• NC.8.F.2 Compare properties of two linear functions given in different representations.
• NC.8.F.3 Identify linear functions from tables, equations, and graphs.
• Use functions to model relationships between quantities
• NC.8.F.4 Model linear relationships with y = mx + b and interpret rate of change and initial value.
• NC.8.F.5 Describe functional relationships qualitatively from graphs and sketch graphs from descriptions.

Geometry (G)

• Understand congruence and similarity
• NC.8.G.2 Use transformations to define congruence and describe sequences that show figures are congruent.
• NC.8.G.3 Describe the effect of dilations, translations, rotations, and reflections on coordinates.
• NC.8.G.4 Use transformations, including dilations, to define similarity.
• Analyze angle relationships
• NC.8.G.5 Use informal arguments about triangle angle sums, parallel lines cut by a transversal, and AA similarity.
• Understand and apply the Pythagorean Theorem
• NC.8.G.6 Explain the Pythagorean Theorem and its converse.
• NC.8.G.7 Apply the Pythagorean Theorem and its converse to solve problems.
• NC.8.G.8 Use the Pythagorean Theorem to find the distance between two points in the coordinate plane.
• Solve problems involving volume of cylinders, cones, and spheres
• NC.8.G.9 Understand how the volume formulas for cones, cylinders, and spheres relate and use them.

Statistics and Probability (SP)

• Investigate patterns of association in bivariate data
• NC.8.SP.1 Construct and interpret scatter plots, noting clustering, outliers, and linear or nonlinear association.
• NC.8.SP.2 Informally fit a straight line to a scatter plot and judge how well it fits.
• NC.8.SP.3 Use the equation of a linear model to solve problems, interpreting slope and intercept.
• NC.8.SP.4 Use two-way tables and relative frequencies to look for association between categorical variables.