8th Grade Math (Missouri Learning Standards)

Number Sense and Operations (NS), cluster A

• Explore the real number system.
• 8.NS.A.1a Know how rational and irrational numbers differ.
• 8.NS.A.1b Know every rational number has a decimal that ends or repeats.
• 8.NS.A.1c Convert repeating decimals to fractions and fractions to repeating decimals.
• 8.NS.A.1d Write rational numbers in equivalent forms.
• 8.NS.A.2 Estimate and compare irrational numbers and place them approximately on a number line.

Expressions, Equations and Inequalities (EEI), cluster A

• 8.EEI.A.1 Know and use integer exponent rules to write equivalent expressions.
• Explore square roots and cube roots.
• 8.EEI.A.2a Solve x² = p and x³ = p for positive rational p.
• 8.EEI.A.2b Evaluate square roots of perfect squares no larger than 625 and cube roots of perfect cubes no larger than 1000.
• 8.EEI.A.2c Know square roots of numbers that are not perfect squares are irrational.
• 8.EEI.A.3 Write very large and very small numbers in scientific notation and compare their sizes.
• Solve problems with scientific notation.
• 8.EEI.A.4a Calculate with scientific notation, including mixed with decimal notation.
• 8.EEI.A.4b Use scientific notation and choose sensible units for very large or small measures.

Expressions, Equations and Inequalities (EEI), cluster B

• Graph proportional relationships.
• 8.EEI.B.5a Read the unit rate as the slope of a proportional graph.
• 8.EEI.B.5b Compare two proportional relationships.
• Use slope and y-intercept with graphs, equations, and proportional relationships.
• 8.EEI.B.6a Explain why a non-vertical line has the same slope between any two points.
• 8.EEI.B.6b Derive y = mx for lines through the origin and y = mx + b for lines crossing the y-axis at b.

Expressions, Equations and Inequalities (EEI), cluster C

• Solve one-variable linear equations and inequalities.
• 8.EEI.C.7a Make and recognize linear equations with one, infinitely many, or no solutions.
• 8.EEI.C.7b Solve linear equations and inequalities with rational coefficients, including distributing and combining like terms.
• Analyze and solve systems of linear equations.
• 8.EEI.C.8a Graph linear systems and see the intersection as the solution.
• 8.EEI.C.8b Explain why a system's solutions are where the graphs meet.
• 8.EEI.C.8c Explain why linear systems can have one, no, or infinitely many solutions.
• 8.EEI.C.8d Solve systems of two linear equations.

Geometry and Measurement (GM), cluster A

• Check by experiment what rigid transformations preserve.
• 8.GM.A.1a Check that angles, betweenness, collinearity, and distance stay the same under rigid motions.
• 8.GM.A.1b Investigate whether rigid motions keep orientation.
• Know flat figures are congruent if rigid motions map one onto the other.
• 8.GM.A.2a Describe a sequence of rigid motions between two congruent figures.
• 8.GM.A.3 Use coordinates to describe how dilations, translations, rotations, and reflections change figures.
• Know flat figures are similar if rotations, reflections, translations, and dilations map one onto the other.
• 8.GM.A.4a Describe a sequence of transformations between two similar figures.
• Explore angle relationships and build informal arguments.
• 8.GM.A.5a Work out the sum of a triangle's interior angles.
• 8.GM.A.5b Explore how a triangle's interior and exterior angles relate.
• 8.GM.A.5c Construct and explore the angles made when a transversal crosses parallel lines.
• 8.GM.A.5d Use properties of similar figures to solve problems.

Geometry and Measurement (GM), cluster B

• 8.GM.B.6 Use models to show why the Pythagorean Theorem and its converse are true.
• 8.GM.B.7 Use the Pythagorean Theorem to find missing sides of right triangles in flat and solid problems.
• 8.GM.B.8 Use the Pythagorean Theorem to find how far apart two points on a coordinate plane are.

Geometry and Measurement (GM), cluster C

• Solve surface area and volume problems.
• 8.GM.C.9a Understand surface area and find the surface area of pyramids.
• 8.GM.C.9b Understand volume and find volumes of pyramids, cones, and spheres.

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (DSP), cluster A

• 8.DSP.A.1 Make and interpret scatter plots of paired data to look for patterns of association.
• 8.DSP.A.2 Draw and use a trend line for paired data and judge its fit informally.
• 8.DSP.A.3 Interpret the slope and intercept of a linear model to solve problems.
• Understand patterns of association in two-way tables of categorical data.
• 8.DSP.A.4a Make and interpret a two-way table for two categories measured on the same subjects.
• 8.DSP.A.4b Use row or column relative frequencies to describe a possible association.

Functions (F), cluster A

• Explore what a function is (function notation not required).
• 8.F.A.1a Know a function gives exactly one output for each input.
• 8.F.A.1b Decide whether a relation is a function.
• 8.F.A.1c Graph a function.
• 8.F.A.2 Compare features of two functions shown in different ways.
• Explore how linear and nonlinear functions differ.
• 8.F.A.3a Read y = mx + b as a linear function with slope m and y-intercept b.
• 8.F.A.3b Know a linear function's graph has a constant rate of change.
• 8.F.A.3c Give examples of nonlinear functions.

Functions (F), cluster B

• Model linear relationships between quantities with functions.
• 8.F.B.4a Explain the slope and intercept of a linear function in context.
• 8.F.B.4b Find the slope and intercept of a linear function.
• 8.F.B.4c Find the x-intercept of a linear function.
• 8.F.B.5 Describe how two quantities relate from a graph or a description in words.