6th Grade English Language Arts and Reading (Texas TEKS)

110.22(b)(1) Developing and sustaining foundational language skills: listening, speaking, discussion, and thinking--oral language

• 110.22(b)(1) Develops oral language through listening, speaking, and discussion.
• 110.22(b)(1)(A) Listens actively to understand messages, asks clarifying questions, and responds fittingly.
• 110.22(b)(1)(B) Follows and gives multi-step oral directions.
• 110.22(b)(1)(C) Delivers organized presentations with a clear stance, using effective delivery and language conventions.
• 110.22(b)(1)(D) Leads group discussions by building on peers' ideas, taking notes, and noting agreements and disagreements.

110.22(b)(2) Developing and sustaining foundational language skills: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking--vocabulary

• 110.22(b)(2) Uses newly acquired vocabulary expressively.
• 110.22(b)(2)(A) Uses print or digital resources to learn a word's meaning, syllables, pronunciation, origin, and part of speech.
• 110.22(b)(2)(B) Uses surrounding context like definitions, comparisons, and examples to clarify word meaning.
• 110.22(b)(2)(C) Understands and uses grade-level academic words built from Greek and Latin roots such as mis/mit and jur/jus.

110.22(b)(3) Developing and sustaining foundational language skills: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking--fluency

• 110.22(b)(3) Adjusts reading fluency to match the reading purpose.

110.22(b)(4) Developing and sustaining foundational language skills: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking--self-sustained reading

• 110.22(b)(4) Independently reads self-chosen grade-appropriate texts for extended periods.

110.22(b)(5) Comprehension skills: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking using multiple texts

• 110.22(b)(5) Uses metacognitive skills to deepen comprehension of complex texts.
• 110.22(b)(5)(A) Sets a purpose for reading both assigned and self-chosen texts.
• 110.22(b)(5)(B) Asks questions before, during, and after reading to deepen understanding and gather information.
• 110.22(b)(5)(C) Makes predictions and checks or revises them using text features, genre traits, and structures.
• 110.22(b)(5)(D) Forms mental images to deepen understanding.
• 110.22(b)(5)(E) Connects text to personal life, other texts, and society.
• 110.22(b)(5)(F) Draws inferences and supports them with evidence.
• 110.22(b)(5)(G) Judges which details matter most to identify key ideas.
• 110.22(b)(5)(H) Combines information to build new understanding.
• 110.22(b)(5)(I) Monitors understanding and adjusts by rereading, using background knowledge, questioning, or annotating when confusion arises.

110.22(b)(6) Response skills: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking using multiple texts

• 110.22(b)(6) Responds to an expanding range of texts that are read, heard, or viewed.
• 110.22(b)(6)(A) Describes personal connections to varied sources, including self-chosen texts.
• 110.22(b)(6)(B) Writes responses showing understanding, including comparisons within and across genres.
• 110.22(b)(6)(C) Uses text evidence to support responses.
• 110.22(b)(6)(D) Paraphrases and summarizes texts while preserving meaning and logical order.
• 110.22(b)(6)(E) Engages with sources through notes, annotations, freewriting, or illustrations.
• 110.22(b)(6)(F) Uses newly learned vocabulary in responses where appropriate.
• 110.22(b)(6)(G) Discusses and writes about explicit and implicit meanings of texts.
• 110.22(b)(6)(H) Adapts register, vocabulary, tone, and voice to the audience and situation.
• 110.22(b)(6)(I) Revises responses when new evidence appears.

110.22(b)(7) Multiple genres: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking using multiple texts--literary elements

• 110.22(b)(7) Recognizes and analyzes literary elements across diverse texts.
• 110.22(b)(7)(A) Infers multiple themes within and across texts using evidence.
• 110.22(b)(7)(B) Analyzes how characters' inner and outer responses drive the plot.
• 110.22(b)(7)(C) Analyzes plot stages, including climax and resolution, and nonlinear devices like flashbacks.
• 110.22(b)(7)(D) Analyzes how setting, including historical and cultural context, shapes characters and plot.

110.22(b)(8) Multiple genres: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking using multiple texts--genres

• 110.22(b)(8) Recognizes and analyzes genre-specific features, structures, and purposes.
• 110.22(b)(8)(A) Shows knowledge of genres like realistic fiction, mysteries, humor, and myths.
• 110.22(b)(8)(B) Analyzes how meter and structure, such as line breaks, affect poems of various forms.
• 110.22(b)(8)(C) Analyzes how playwrights reveal characters through dialogue and staging.
• 110.22(b)(8)(D) Analyzes informational text characteristics and structures.
• 110.22(b)(8)(D)(i) Examines the controlling idea or thesis and its supporting evidence.
• 110.22(b)(8)(D)(ii) Uses front matter and references like forewords, prefaces, and acknowledgements for background.
• 110.22(b)(8)(D)(iii) Identifies organizational patterns like definition, classification, advantage, and disadvantage.
• 110.22(b)(8)(E) Analyzes argumentative text.
• 110.22(b)(8)(E)(i) Identifying the claim.
• 110.22(b)(8)(E)(ii) Explaining how various types of evidence support the argument.
• 110.22(b)(8)(E)(iii) Identifying the intended audience or reader.
• 110.22(b)(8)(F) Analyzes characteristics of multimodal and digital texts.

110.22(b)(9) Author's purpose and craft: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking using multiple texts

• 110.22(b)(9) Analyzes authors' choices and how they shape meaning.
• 110.22(b)(9)(A) Explains the author's purpose and message within a text.
• 110.22(b)(9)(B) Analyzes how text structure contributes to the author's purpose.
• 110.22(b)(9)(C) Analyzes how print and graphic features achieve specific purposes.
• 110.22(b)(9)(D) Describes how figurative language like metaphor and personification achieves purposes.
• 110.22(b)(9)(E) Identifies literary devices, including omniscient and limited point of view, and their purposes.
• 110.22(b)(9)(F) Analyzes how language contributes to mood and voice.
• 110.22(b)(9)(G) Explains rhetorical devices and logical fallacies and how they differ.

110.22(b)(10) Composition: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking using multiple texts--writing process

• 110.22(b)(10) Uses the writing process to compose legible, conventional texts.
• 110.22(b)(10)(A) Plans a first draft by choosing a genre suited to topic, purpose, and audience using discussion and reading.
• 110.22(b)(10)(B) Develops drafts into focused, coherent writing.
• 110.22(b)(10)(B)(i) Organizing with clear structure: introduction, transitions, coherent paragraphs, and conclusion.
• 110.22(b)(10)(B)(ii) Developing engaging, thoughtful ideas with specific facts and details.
• 110.22(b)(10)(C) Revises drafts for clarity, development, organization, style, word choice, and sentence variety.
• 110.22(b)(10)(D) Edits using standard English conventions.
• 110.22(b)(10)(D)(i) Writing complete complex sentences, avoiding splices, run-ons, and fragments.
• 110.22(b)(10)(D)(ii) Using verb tenses consistently and appropriately.
• 110.22(b)(10)(D)(iii) Using conjunctive adverbs correctly.
• 110.22(b)(10)(D)(iv) Ensuring prepositional phrases don't disrupt subject-verb agreement.
• 110.22(b)(10)(D)(v) Using pronouns correctly, including relative pronouns.
• 110.22(b)(10)(D)(vi) Using subordinating and correlative conjunctions to form complex sentences.
• 110.22(b)(10)(D)(vii) Capitalizing proper nouns, abbreviations, initials, acronyms, and organization names.
• 110.22(b)(10)(D)(viii) Using punctuation, including commas in complex sentences, transitions, and introductory elements.
• 110.22(b)(10)(D)(ix) Spelling correctly, watching commonly confused words like its/it's and to/two/too.
• 110.22(b)(10)(E) Publishes written work for appropriate audiences.

110.22(b)(11) Composition: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking using multiple texts--genres

• 110.22(b)(11) Uses genre characteristics and craft to compose meaningful texts.
• 110.22(b)(11)(A) Composes literary texts like personal narratives, fiction, and poetry using genre craft.
• 110.22(b)(11)(B) Composes multi-paragraph informational essays with a clear controlling idea or thesis.
• 110.22(b)(11)(C) Composes multi-paragraph argumentative texts using genre craft.
• 110.22(b)(11)(D) Writes correspondence expressing opinions, complaints, or information requests in suitable formats.

110.22(b)(12) Inquiry and research: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking using multiple texts

• 110.22(b)(12) Engages in short- and long-term recursive inquiry for varied purposes.
• 110.22(b)(12)(A) Creates student-chosen and teacher-guided questions for formal and informal inquiry.
• 110.22(b)(12)(B) Develops and revises a research plan.
• 110.22(b)(12)(C) Refines the main research question when needed, guided by secondary questions.
• 110.22(b)(12)(D) Finds and collects relevant information from varied sources.
• 110.22(b)(12)(E) Distinguishes primary sources from secondary sources.
• 110.22(b)(12)(F) Synthesizes information across sources.
• 110.22(b)(12)(G) Distinguishes paraphrasing from plagiarism.
• 110.22(b)(12)(H) Evaluates sources.
• 110.22(b)(12)(H)(i) Assessing reliability, credibility, and bias.
• 110.22(b)(12)(H)(ii) Detecting faulty reasoning like hyperbole, emotional appeals, and stereotypes.
• 110.22(b)(12)(I) Uses academic citations and source materials ethically.
• 110.22(b)(12)(J) Presents results in written, oral, or multimodal form suited to the purpose.