4th Grade ELA (Ohio's Learning Standards)

Reading Literature (RL)

• RL.4.1 Refer to details and examples when explaining what a text says and making inferences.
• RL.4.2 Analyze how a text develops by finding its theme and summarizing.
  • a. Identify the theme from details.
  • b. Summarize the text, including the theme.
• RL.4.3 Describe a character, setting or event in depth using specific details such as actions.
• RL.4.4 Work out word meanings, including allusions to mythology such as Herculean.
• RL.4.5 Explain major differences between poems, drama and prose, using their structural elements.
• RL.4.6 Compare points of view from which different stories are told, including first and third person.
• RL.4.7 Connect a story or drama to its visual or oral presentation, noting where each reflects the text.
• RL.4.9 Compare similar themes and patterns of events, such as quests, in myths and traditional stories.
• RL.4.10 By year's end, read grades 4–5 literature proficiently, with scaffolding at the high end.

Reading Informational Text (RI)

• RI.4.1 Refer to details and examples when explaining what a text says and infers.
• RI.4.2 Analyze how a text develops its main idea through supporting details.
  • a. Find the main idea and how details support it.
  • b. Summarize main idea, key details and other important information.
• RI.4.3 Explain events, procedures or ideas in historical, scientific or technical texts: what happened and why.
• RI.4.4 Work out general academic and subject-specific words in grade 4 topics.
• RI.4.5 Describe the structure of a text, e.g. chronology, comparison, cause/effect or problem/solution.
• RI.4.6 Compare firsthand and secondhand accounts of the same event or topic.
• RI.4.7 Interpret visual, oral or numerical information such as charts and diagrams and explain how it helps.
• RI.4.8 Explain how an author uses reasons and evidence to support points.
• RI.4.9 Combine information from two texts on the same topic to write or speak knowledgeably.
• RI.4.10 By year's end, read grades 4–5 informational texts proficiently, with support at the high end.

Reading Foundations (RF)

• RF.4.3 Use letter–sound, syllable and morphology knowledge to read unfamiliar multisyllable words.
• RF.4.4 Read with enough accuracy and fluency to support understanding.
  • a. Read grade 4 text with purpose and understanding.
  • b. Read prose and poetry aloud accurately, smoothly, with expression.
  • c. Use context to confirm or correct words, rereading as needed.

Writing (W)

• W.4.1 Write opinion pieces on topics or texts, supporting a point of view with reasons and information.
  • a. Introduce the topic, state an opinion and group ideas.
  • b. Give reasons supported by facts and details.
  • c. Link opinion and reasons with phrases such as in addition.
  • d. End with a conclusion related to the opinion.
• W.4.2 Write informative texts that examine a topic and convey ideas clearly.
  • a. Introduce the topic, group information, add formatting or visuals.
  • b. Develop with facts, definitions, details, quotations or examples.
  • c. Link ideas within categories with transitions.
  • d. Use precise and topic-specific words.
  • e. End with a conclusion related to the information.
• W.4.3 Write real or imagined narratives with effective technique, sensory details and clear sequence.
  • a. Set the situation, narrator or characters and natural order.
  • b. Use dialogue and description to show events and responses.
  • c. Use varied transition words.
  • d. Use concrete words and sensory details.
  • e. End with a conclusion that follows from the events.
• W.4.4 Produce clear, coherent writing suited to task, purpose and audience.
• W.4.5 With peer and adult support, plan, revise and edit to strengthen writing.
• W.4.6 With some adult support, use technology, including the internet, to produce, publish and collaborate.
• W.4.7 Do short research projects investigating different aspects of a topic.
• W.4.8 Gather relevant information, take notes, sort it and list sources.
• W.4.9 Draw evidence from literary or informational texts for analysis, reflection and research.
  • a. Use reading literature standards to describe characters or events in depth.
  • b. Use reading informational standards to explain how authors support points.
• W.4.10 Write routinely over short and extended time frames for a range of tasks and audiences.

Speaking and Listening (SL)

• SL.4.1 Take part in a range of discussions on grade 4 topics and texts.
  • a. Come prepared, having read the required material.
  • b. Follow discussion rules and carry out assigned roles.
  • c. Ask and answer specific questions and link comments to others'.
  • d. Review key ideas and explain own understanding.
• SL.4.2 Paraphrase parts of texts read aloud or information in different media.
• SL.4.3 Identify the reasons and evidence a speaker gives for particular points.
• SL.4.4 Report on a topic, tell a story or recount an experience in an organized way with facts and details.
• SL.4.5 Add audio and visuals to presentations to strengthen main ideas.
• SL.4.6 Tell when formal or informal English suits the situation and adjust speech.

Language (L)

• L.4.1 Use standard grammar and usage when speaking and writing.
  • a. Use relative pronouns and adverbs.
  • b. Form and use progressive verb tenses.
  • c. Use modal auxiliaries for conditions.
  • d. Order adjectives conventionally.
  • e. Form and use prepositional phrases.
  • f. Write complete sentences; fix fragments and run-ons.
  • g. Use commonly confused words correctly.
• L.4.2 Use capitals, commas and quotation marks for speech and quotations, and spell correctly.
• L.4.3 Choose precise words and punctuation for effect and tell formal from informal English.
• L.4.4 Work out unknown words using context, Greek and Latin word parts and references.
• L.4.5 Explain similes, metaphors and idioms and relate words through synonyms and antonyms.
• L.4.6 Use precise grade 4 words for actions, emotions, states and topics.