2nd Grade ELA (Georgia's K-12 ELA Standards)

K-2.F.P.1 Phonics: letter-sound matches

• 2.F.P.1.a Know every consonant sound-spelling match, including blends and digraphs.
• 2.F.P.1.b Say long and short vowel sounds, including final -e, vowel teams, r-controlled vowels and diphthongs.

K-2.F.P.2 Phonics: reading words (decoding)

• 2.F.P.2.a Read regular two-syllable words using phonics, including high-frequency words.
• 2.F.P.2.b Recognize and read the parts of irregular words, including high-frequency words.
• 2.F.P.2.c Read two-syllable nonsense words using phonics rules.
• 2.F.P.2.d Read two-syllable words using all the main syllable types.

K-2.F.P.3 Phonics: spelling words (encoding)

• 2.F.P.3.a Spell regular two-syllable words using phonics, including high-frequency words.
• 2.F.P.3.b Recognize and spell irregular words, including high-frequency words.
• 2.F.P.3.c Spell two-syllable nonsense words using a range of spelling patterns.
• 2.F.P.3.d Spell two-syllable words using all the main syllable types.

K-2.F.F.1 Fluency: read with understanding and self-correct

• 2.F.F.1.a Grow sight-word knowledge so regular and irregular grade-level words are read quickly.
• 2.F.F.1.b Read many kinds of grade-level text aloud with growing automaticity.
• 2.F.F.1.c Read aloud with good phrasing, expression, pausing and intonation.
• 2.F.F.1.d Notice and fix errors, rereading to improve understanding and fluency.

K-2.F.H.1 Handwriting: form letters and words

• 2.F.H.1.a Form all letters and words accurately, consistently and efficiently.
• 2.F.H.1.b Write words and sentences efficiently.
• 2.F.H.1.c Use suitable spacing throughout a piece of writing.

K-2.F.H.2 Handwriting: transcription and fluency

• 2.F.H.2.a Copy and write down text efficiently and accurately.
• 2.F.H.2.b Keep up speed while forming words and sentences.

K-2.L.GC.1 Grammar: use standard grammar, usage and mechanics

• Grade 2 grammar, usage and mechanics skills are set out in the state's GUM chart, which has no separate codes.

K-2.L.GC.2 Grammar: write complete, coherent sentences

• 2.L.GC.2.a Tell simple and compound sentences apart and name sentence types.
• 2.L.GC.2.b Mix simple and compound sentences to make writing clear and connected.
• 2.L.GC.2.c Make subjects and verbs agree.
• 2.L.GC.2.d Add detail or make meaning clearer with adjectives or adverbs.

K-2.L.V.1 Vocabulary: learn and use general, academic and subject words

• 2.L.V.1.a Learn everyday, academic and subject words through grade-level texts and topics.
• 2.L.V.1.b Use grade-level vocabulary to communicate in different settings.

K-2.L.V.2 Vocabulary: word analysis

• 2.L.V.2.a Use root words and affixes to break words apart and work out their meaning.
• 2.L.V.2.c Build words from root words and affixes.

K-2.L.V.3 Vocabulary: connect words and check meaning

• 2.L.V.3.a Use context to work out unknown and multiple-meaning words.
• 2.L.V.3.b Work out how words relate to their synonyms and antonyms.
• 2.L.V.3.c Tell apart shades of meaning in verbs and adjectives.
• 2.L.V.3.d Use glossaries and beginning dictionaries, print or digital, to check meanings.
• 2.L.V.3.e Use word relationships and words learned when choosing words to speak and write.

K-2.T.C.1 Context: purpose and audience

• 2.T.C.1.a Work out the general purpose and intended audience of different texts.
• 2.T.C.1.b Recognize print, digital, spoken, visual and multimodal communication.
• 2.T.C.1.c Create a text on a chosen topic that uses two or more modes.

K-2.T.C.2 Context: authors and speakers

• 2.T.C.2.a Use examples of language to identify point of view, such as first or third person.

K-2.T.SS.1 Structure and style: organization

• 2.T.SS.1.a Explain how text features add to a text's meaning and organization.
• 2.T.SS.1.b Use text features to make own texts clearer and more meaningful.
• 2.T.SS.1.c Use conjunctions and transition words to put events and actions in order.

K-2.T.SS.2 Structure and style: descriptive language

• 2.T.SS.2.a Tell literal language apart from figurative language.
• 2.T.SS.2.b Use descriptive words to make texts engaging.

K-2.T.T.1 Techniques: narrative

• 2.T.T.1.a Identify and describe the techniques authors use to build stories.
• 2.T.T.1.b Identify the main plot events between a problem and its solution.
• 2.T.T.1.c Explain how characters' responses to challenges support a story's message or moral.
• 2.T.T.1.d Compare two or more versions of the same story.
• 2.T.T.1.e Write narratives using narrative techniques and a sense of ending.

K-2.T.T.2 Techniques: expository

• 2.T.T.2.a Identify and describe expository techniques, including main idea and details.
• 2.T.T.2.b Describe links between historical events, science ideas or steps in a procedure.
• 2.T.T.2.d Write expository texts that introduce a topic, develop it with facts and conclude.

K-2.T.T.3 Techniques: opinion

• 2.T.T.3.a Identify and describe opinion techniques: the opinion, reasons and facts.
• 2.T.T.3.c Write opinion pieces with a stated opinion, reasons and a conclusion.

K-2.T.T.4 Techniques: poetry

• 2.T.T.4.a Identify, sort and describe poetic techniques such as rhyme, alliteration and stanzas.
• 2.T.T.4.b Write poems with words or phrases that may or may not rhyme.

K-2.T.RA.1 Research: ask questions and share information

• 2.T.RA.1.a Come up with research questions on chosen topics of interest.
• 2.T.RA.1.b Research questions using several sources and graphic organizers.
• 2.T.RA.1.c Organize and share accurate, related information in different modes.

K-2.T.RA.2 Research: use sources and evidence

• 2.T.RA.2.a Point to specific parts of texts to support an idea, answer or opinion.
• 2.T.RA.2.b Explore different information sources and discuss how they link to a topic.