Addition facts to 10 and 20 – Grade 1 math lesson
Lesson 3 of 15 in the Grade 1 math course
US version. US grades, US spelling and dollars ($). · UK Maths Department
A complete 45-minute lesson for grade 1 (ages 6–7) that runs on this page – at school or at home. Every answer is graded right away, with a worked explanation.
- Time
- 45 minutes + 15 min homework
- Grade
- Grade 1 (ages 6–7)
- You need
- Paper, a pencil and this page
- Graded
- Instantly, with explanations
For parents: how to use this lesson
You don't need to know this topic yourself. The lesson explains each step on screen, one tidy step at a time. Every answer is graded straight away with a worked explanation, so you never have to grade anything.
- Read what your child will learn and the big ideas together.
- Press Start the lesson below and sit with your child for the teaching and the worked examples (about 19 minutes).
- Let them do the practice on their own. They choose Getting started, On track or Challenge – start on On track and move up after a few right in a row.
- Finish with the exit ticket and the talk question: “If you know 7 + 3 = 10, what else do you know?”
- Later that day or the next day: the homework (15 minutes), then a practice test.
Watch out for
- Counting on from the wrong number (counting the start number again). Start from the first number and count the jumps, not the numbers.
- Not seeing that 3 + 7 and 7 + 3 are the same fact. Turn the counters round: the total does not change.
Tip for home: Hold up some fingers and ask how many more make 10.
What your child will learn
Learning goal: know pairs of numbers that make 10 and 20, and use them to add and subtract.
Success looks like
- I can say all the pairs that make 10.
- I can use them to make 20.
- I can write a fact family.
Key words
- number bond
- two numbers that make a total
- total
- how many altogether
- fact family
- related addition and subtraction facts
- part
- one of the numbers that make the whole
What to have ready
- Paper and a pencil
- This page on a computer, tablet or phone
- For the hands-on part: Use a ten frame or an egg box with 10 spaces. Fill some spaces with counters and say how many more make 10. No counters? Draw two rows of five boxes on paper.
The big ideas (for the adult)
A number bond is a pair of numbers that make a total, such as 6 + 4 = 10.
If you know 6 + 4 = 10, you also know 4 + 6 = 10, 10 − 6 = 4 and 10 − 4 = 6. These are a fact family.
Bonds to 10 help with bonds to 20: 6 + 4 = 10, so 16 + 4 = 20.
The lesson, step by step
| Part | Time | How it is checked |
|---|---|---|
| Starter: quick recall | 5 min | Graded by Classfern |
| Teaching input | 10 min | Not assessed, self-checked |
| Worked examples and guided practice | 9 min | Not assessed, graded by Classfern |
| Independent practice | 15 min | Graded by Classfern |
| Closure and exit ticket | 6 min | Graded by Classfern, self-checked |
Starter, "your turn", practice and exit ticket are graded by Classfern. Worked examples and teaching are not assessed. The hands-on task and the reflection are self-assessed. Explanations in talk are judged by the parent and not recorded.
The lesson
It runs here on the page. No sign-up and no names – progress is kept only in this browser.
Homework and practice at home
15 minutes: 8 practice questions, 3 multiple-choice questions and 2 to remember from earlier work, then a short reflection. New questions every time, all graded instantly.
More practice
More Grade 1 math lessons
- Numbers in words
- Comparing numbers
- Adding and subtracting
- The equals sign and missing numbers
- Addition and subtraction word problems
- Skip counting
- One more, one less, ten more and ten less
- Tens and ones
- Number lines
- Recognizing fractions
- Telling time
- Measuring length
- Picture graphs and bar graphs
- Shapes and position
Curriculum
Common Core State Standards 1.OA.C.6: “Add and subtract within 20, demonstrating fluency for addition and subtraction within 10. Use strategies such as counting on; making ten (e.g., 8 + 6 = 8 + 2 + 4 = 10 + 4 = 14); decomposing a number leading to a ten (e.g., 13 - 4 = 13 - 3 - 1 = 10 - 1 = 9); using the relationship between addition and subtraction (e.g., knowing that 8 + 4 = 12, one knows 12 - 8 = 4); and creating equivalent but easier or known sums (e.g., adding 6 + 7 by creating the known equivalent 6 + 6 + 1 = 12 + 1 = 13).”
Our lessons and questions are our own. They are not written or endorsed by any government department, testing agency or exam board.