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P1 Numeracy and mathematics (Early level): What to Teach (Scotland)

Your Teacher Information Pack for P1 Numeracy and mathematics (Early level) in Scotland: the curriculum structure, our short summaries with links to the official wording, and key dates.

Country
Scotland
Stage
P1
Level
Early level
Ages
4–5
Source
Curriculum for Excellence – experiences and outcomes (broad general education)
Last checked
2026-10-20

Usually Early learning and childcare (from age 3) and P1 (a guide, not a fixed year group). Roughly US Pre-K–Kindergarten (approximate).

Curriculum for Excellence levels are a guide, not year groups: learners move through levels at their own pace. Early level runs from age 3 (early learning and childcare) to P1; some children start first level in P1.

Plan the whole year: open this course in the Year Planner – every lesson dated around your term dates, with a coverage check. Free.

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What to teach

Below are the experiences and outcomes with their official codes, in our own short summaries. Each code links to the official document.

Number, money and measure: Estimation and rounding

  • MNU 0-01a Develop a sense of size by observing, exploring and communicating about surroundings.

Official wording

Number, money and measure: Number and number processes

  • MNU 0-02a Explore numbers as quantities; count, create sequences, describe order.
  • MNU 0-03a Use practical materials to count on and back for addition and subtraction.

Official wording

Number, money and measure: Fractions, decimal fractions and percentages

  • MNU 0-07a Share groups and split wholes into smaller parts.

Official wording

Number, money and measure: Money

  • MNU 0-09a Recognise and use a range of coins; develop awareness of money use.

Official wording

Number, money and measure: Time

  • MNU 0-10a Link routines and events to times and seasons using clocks and calendars.

Official wording

Number, money and measure: Measurement

  • MNU 0-11a Experiment with everyday items as units to compare sizes and amounts.

Official wording

Number, money and measure: Patterns and relationships

  • MTH 0-13a Spot, copy, continue and create patterns in surroundings.

Official wording

Shape, position and movement: Properties of 2D shapes and 3D objects

  • MTH 0-16a Enjoy investigating, sorting and creating with objects and shapes.

Official wording

Shape, position and movement: Angle, symmetry and transformation

  • MTH 0-17a Use simple directions and describe positions in games and technology.
  • MTH 0-19a Create and enjoy symmetrical pictures and patterns using various media.

Official wording

Information handling: Data and analysis

  • MNU 0-20a Collect objects, ask questions, and organise and display findings.
  • MNU 0-20b Match and sort objects using own and others' criteria.
  • MNU 0-20c Use signs and charts around me to help plan and decide.

Official wording

Benchmarks (summary)

Guidance Benchmarks and guidance (our summaries)

  • Estimation and rounding: Estimate by subitising, then check by counting (3 benchmark statements in the official document). (3 official benchmark bullets)
  • Number and number processes: Counting, ordering to 20, and mental addition and subtraction to 10 (18 benchmark statements in the official document). (18 official benchmark bullets)
  • Fractions, decimal fractions and percentages: Splitting wholes and groups into equal, named parts (3 benchmark statements in the official document). (3 official benchmark bullets)
  • Money: Identifying coins to £2 and paying exact amounts up to 10p (2 benchmark statements in the official document). (2 official benchmark bullets)
  • Time: Sequencing routines, days, months and seasons; reading o'clock times (5 benchmark statements in the official document). (5 official benchmark bullets)
  • Measurement: Comparing and estimating length, mass and capacity with everyday units (4 benchmark statements in the official document). (4 official benchmark bullets)
  • Patterns and relationships: Copying, continuing and creating patterns; finding missing numbers to 20 (3 benchmark statements in the official document). (3 official benchmark bullets)
  • Properties of 2D shapes and 3D objects: Sorting common shapes and objects by features such as straight or curved (1 benchmark statement in the official document). (1 official benchmark bullets)
  • Angle, symmetry and transformation: Using position and direction words; making one-line symmetrical pictures (2 benchmark statements in the official document). (2 official benchmark bullets)
  • Data and analysis: Asking questions, collecting, sorting, displaying and reading simple charts (6 benchmark statements in the official document). (6 official benchmark bullets)

Official wording

Assessments and key dates

Qualifications Scotland exams 2027: Mon, 26 April 2027 to Thu, 3 June 2027 (timetable). There are no national tests of curriculum levels; teachers judge progress using the Benchmarks.

Trusted free resources

Links only: we don't copy their content and we aren't connected to these organisations.

More packs

Numeracy and mathematics – Early level · Numeracy and mathematics – First level · Numeracy and mathematics – Second level · Numeracy and mathematics – Third level · Numeracy and mathematics – Fourth level · P2 Numeracy and mathematics · P3 Numeracy and mathematics · P4 Numeracy and mathematics · All Scotland packs · Find another TIP

Codes and structure from Curriculum for Excellence experiences and outcomes and Benchmarks, Education Scotland (Crown copyright). Summaries are Classfern's own words – always read the official wording via the link.

No official wording is reproduced: codes and structure are facts, and the short descriptions are our own summaries. Always read the official wording via the links. Checked on 2026-10-20.

Classfern is not affiliated with or endorsed by Education Scotland, Qualifications Scotland (formerly SQA) or the Scottish Government.